Tiliaceae

Tiliaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the linden or basswood family. Historically recognized as a distinct family, modern phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data have largely subsumed it into the Malvaceae (mallow) family as the subfamily Tilioideae. Therefore, while the name Tiliaceae may still appear in older literature and some contemporary sources, it is generally considered an obsolete classification in current botanical taxonomy.

When considered as a distinct family, Tiliaceae typically encompassed trees, shrubs, and occasionally herbs. They are characterized by having alternate, simple leaves, often with asymmetrical bases. Flowers are usually bisexual and possess five sepals, five petals, numerous stamens, and a superior ovary. The fruit type varies, often being a capsule, drupe, or nut-like structure. Many species within the former Tiliaceae family are known for their mucilaginous bark, which has various traditional uses.

Notable genera formerly classified within Tiliaceae include Tilia (linden or basswood), Corchorus (jute), and Grewia. These plants are valued for timber, fiber, ornamental purposes, and medicinal properties. Their ecological roles are significant, serving as food sources and habitats for various insects and animals. The durable, lightweight wood of Tilia species is particularly prized for carving. Jute, derived from Corchorus species, is a major natural fiber used extensively in the production of burlap and other textiles.