The Capture of Jerusalem by Titus (Poussin)

The Capture of Jerusalem by Titus refers to a painting completed in 1637 or 1638 by the French Baroque painter Nicolas Poussin. The artwork depicts the Roman army, led by Titus, breaching the walls of Jerusalem during the siege that led to the city's destruction in 70 CE, a pivotal event in the First Jewish-Roman War.

Poussin's work is known for its classical style, characterized by order, reason, and the use of strong, defined forms. In this painting, these features are apparent in the composition, which is structured around a series of horizontal and vertical lines that lend a sense of stability and grandeur to the chaotic event. Figures are rendered with anatomical accuracy and clarity, reminiscent of classical sculpture. The painting is part of a series of four commissioned by Cardinal Francesco Barberini focusing on events in the history of the Jewish people.

The scene focuses on the violence and drama of the Roman conquest. Titus, often depicted on horseback, oversees the attack. The artwork portrays the brutality of warfare, capturing the destruction of the city and the suffering of its inhabitants. The painting is a powerful representation of historical events, blending historical accuracy (as understood in the 17th century) with artistic interpretation.

Stylistically, Poussin's rendition reflects his commitment to historical painting as a form of high art, designed to instruct and edify the viewer through its representation of significant historical events. The painting is not merely a literal depiction but an interpretation shaped by Poussin's artistic vision and the prevailing artistic and intellectual currents of the Baroque era.