Shanmata

Shanmata refers to the tradition in Hinduism that identifies six principal deities as equal manifestations of the divine. These deities are: Shiva, Vishnu, Shakti (Devi), Ganesha, Surya, and Skanda (Kartikeya).

Followers of Shanmata, known as Shana Matavalambis, typically worship all six deities, acknowledging each as a valid path to the ultimate reality, Brahman. The system emphasizes the essential unity underlying the diverse expressions of the divine. This approach promotes tolerance and harmony between different Hindu sects dedicated to individual deities.

The term "Shanmata" is derived from the Sanskrit words "shan" meaning "six" and "mata" meaning "sect" or "doctrine." Adi Shankaracharya, an 8th-century CE Indian philosopher, is traditionally credited with systematizing and popularizing Shanmata, though the worship of these deities existed long before his time. His intent was to unite various Hindu traditions under a common framework, reducing sectarian conflicts and promoting a more unified understanding of Hinduism.

While followers of Shanmata may have a primary "Ishta Devata" (chosen deity) to whom they dedicate more focus and devotion, they continue to revere the other five deities. This distinguishes Shanmata from more exclusive forms of sectarian worship that prioritize only one deity. The practice often involves incorporating the worship of all six deities into daily rituals and festive celebrations.