Sensemaking (information science)

Sensemaking in information science refers to the process by which individuals and groups construct understanding from the data and information they encounter. It's not simply the passive reception of information, but an active, iterative process of interpretation, explanation, and action. Sensemaking emphasizes the cognitive and social aspects of understanding, recognizing that meaning is not inherent in data but is actively created through interaction with the data and the context in which it is encountered.

Key Aspects of Sensemaking

• Contextualization: Sensemaking heavily relies on the context in which information is received. The same data can lead to vastly different interpretations depending on the individual's prior knowledge, beliefs, and the social and organizational environment.

• Iteration and Refinement: Sensemaking is a cyclical process. Initial interpretations are tested, revised, and refined as new information becomes available or as understanding evolves.

• Social Interaction: Sensemaking is often a collaborative activity. Individuals exchange perspectives, negotiate meanings, and build shared understandings through dialogue and interaction.

• Action Orientation: Sensemaking is not a purely cognitive exercise; it's fundamentally geared towards action. The goal is to develop understanding that enables individuals and organizations to make informed decisions and take appropriate action.

• Uncertainty and Ambiguity: Sensemaking often takes place in situations characterized by uncertainty and ambiguity. The process involves grappling with incomplete or contradictory information, developing plausible explanations, and making decisions in the face of risk.

Relationship to Other Information Science Concepts

Sensemaking is closely related to other concepts within information science, including information retrieval, knowledge management, and information visualization. Effective sensemaking relies on access to relevant information, efficient methods for organizing and accessing that information, and tools that facilitate the interpretation and communication of insights.

Applications of Sensemaking

Sensemaking has applications across a wide range of domains, including:

• Organizational decision-making: Understanding organizational challenges and opportunities.
• Crisis management: Making sense of unfolding events and responding effectively.
• Knowledge management: Creating and sharing organizational knowledge.
• User experience design: Understanding user needs and designing effective interfaces.
• Social media analysis: Interpreting trends and sentiments expressed online.

Further Reading

(List of relevant academic papers and books would be included here in a full encyclopedia entry.)