Phlegra (spider)

Phlegra is a genus of jumping spiders (family Salticidae). These spiders are found in a wide range of locations, including Africa, Asia, and Europe.

Description:

Phlegra spiders, like other jumping spiders, are characterized by their excellent vision and ability to jump considerable distances. They are typically small to medium in size, with a compact body shape. The cephalothorax (the fused head and thorax) is usually relatively flat, and the abdomen is often elongated. Colouration can vary among species, encompassing browns, grays, and blacks, sometimes with iridescent markings or distinctive patterns. Their large anterior median eyes (AMEs) are a defining feature of salticids and contribute to their acute eyesight.

Habitat and Distribution:

Phlegra spiders inhabit a variety of terrestrial habitats. They can be found in grasslands, woodlands, scrublands, and even urban environments. Their geographical distribution is extensive, with species occurring in regions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. Specific species may have more restricted ranges within these larger regions.

Behavior:

As jumping spiders, Phlegra spiders are active hunters. They stalk their prey, relying on their excellent vision to locate insects and other small arthropods. Once a target is identified, they use their jumping ability to pounce on the prey, securing it with their chelicerae (jaws). Jumping spiders generally have a silk dragline attached when jumping, in case of a missed attempt. Phlegra spiders, like other members of Salticidae, perform complex courtship rituals involving visual displays to attract mates.

Taxonomy:

The genus Phlegra belongs to the family Salticidae, which is one of the largest families of spiders. The classification of species within the genus has undergone revisions over time, and the exact number of recognized species may vary depending on taxonomic updates. Taxonomic identification is primarily based on detailed morphological characteristics.