Patten (shoe)

A patten (also spelled pattin) was a type of raised shoe or overshoe, commonly worn in Europe from the 14th to the 18th centuries. Pattens were primarily used to protect footwear from mud, snow, and other forms of ground soiling. They were not designed for extended walking or strenuous activity, their primary purpose being to keep feet clean and dry.

Construction

Pattens consisted of a wooden sole, typically made of a single piece of wood, although some were crafted from several pieces. This sole was generally shaped to fit the shape of the foot and often curved upwards slightly at the toe. A strap or other fastening mechanism, such as a buckle or simple cord, secured the patten to the foot or over the wearer's existing footwear. The materials used varied, but wood was the most common, with some variations incorporating metal components, particularly for reinforcement or ornamentation. The wood could be left relatively plain or decorated depending on the wearer's social status and the prevailing fashion.

Usage

Pattens were worn by people of all social classes, although the quality and ornamentation differed depending on wealth and status. They were particularly useful in urban environments, where muddy streets were a common occurrence. Their use was not restricted to any particular season, but they were especially valued during periods of inclement weather.

Variations

Different styles and variations of pattens existed over time and across different regions. Some were simple and practical, while others were more elaborate and decorative. The height of the sole also varied, with some being quite high, while others offered only modest elevation. Some pattens even incorporated a small heel.

Decline in Use

The widespread adoption of improved paving and sanitation in urban areas, alongside evolving footwear technology, led to the decline in the use of pattens. By the 18th century, their popularity had waned considerably, eventually fading from common usage.