Oxyurus (millipede)

Oxyurus is a genus of millipedes belonging to the family Xystodesmidae. These millipedes are typically found in North America. They are characterized by their distinctive paranota, the lateral extensions of their tergites (dorsal plates), which give them a flattened appearance.

Oxyurus millipedes, like other members of the Xystodesmidae family, possess defensive glands that secrete hydrogen cyanide and other irritants as a defense mechanism against predators. The coloration of these millipedes can vary, often featuring contrasting patterns that may serve as a warning signal to potential predators (aposematism).

Identification to the species level within the Oxyurus genus often requires careful examination of the gonopods, the modified legs used by male millipedes for sperm transfer during mating. These structures exhibit complex and specific features that are crucial for accurate taxonomic classification.

The ecological role of Oxyurus millipedes is primarily as decomposers, feeding on decaying plant matter and contributing to nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. They are an important component of the forest floor fauna.