Matucana

Matucana is a genus of globular or columnar cacti native to the highlands of northern Peru. The genus is characterized by its brightly colored flowers, often in shades of red, orange, yellow, or pink, which emerge from the areoles near the apex of the stem.

Description:

Matucana cacti typically have ribbed, globular or elongated stems that are solitary or clumping. The ribs are generally well-defined, and the areoles bear spines that vary in size, number, and color depending on the species. The flowers are funnel-shaped and generally large in proportion to the plant body. They are diurnal, meaning they open during the day. The fruits are small and fleshy.

Taxonomy:

The genus Matucana was established in 1938 by Britton & Rose. The taxonomy of Matucana has been revised multiple times, and its relationship to other genera within the Cactaceae family has been debated. Some species previously classified as Matucana have been reclassified into other genera, such as Oroya.

Distribution and Habitat:

Matucana cacti are endemic to the Andes Mountains of northern Peru. They are found at elevations ranging from approximately 2000 to 3500 meters above sea level. They typically grow in rocky slopes and cliffs, often in association with other xerophytic plants.

Cultivation:

Matucana cacti are popular among cactus collectors for their attractive flowers and relatively compact size. They require well-draining soil and bright light, but should be protected from intense direct sunlight, especially during the hottest parts of the day. They are generally frost-sensitive and should be kept above freezing temperatures. They benefit from a dry period during the winter months.

Conservation:

Many species of Matucana are threatened in their natural habitat due to habitat loss and over-collection. Conservation efforts are underway to protect these plants and their habitats.