Henry Rose (priest)

Henry Rose (1641 – 1718) was an Anglican priest and missionary, primarily known for his extensive work among the Pamunkey Indians in colonial Virginia. Born in England, he emigrated to Virginia in the late 17th century. Rose served as the rector of St. John's Parish in King William County from 1688 until his death.

Rose dedicated a significant portion of his ministry to converting the Pamunkey tribe to Christianity and educating them in English customs and religion. He translated portions of the Book of Common Prayer into the Pamunkey language, although no copies of this translation survive. He also advocated for the Pamunkey’s land rights and protection under colonial law, often mediating disputes between the tribe and English settlers.

While his efforts to convert the Pamunkey were met with limited success, Henry Rose's role is significant in understanding the interactions between colonial religious institutions and Native American populations in Virginia. He is a notable figure in the history of Anglican missionary work in the American colonies, representing a period of attempts, albeit often paternalistic, to integrate indigenous peoples into colonial society through religious conversion and acculturation. Documents relating to his work with the Pamunkey provide valuable insights into the dynamics between colonial authorities, missionaries, and Native American communities during this era.