Mao (bird)

The Mao ( Gymnomyza samoensis), also known as the Samoan honeyeater, is a species of bird in the honeyeater family (Meliphagidae). It is endemic to Samoa and American Samoa in Polynesia.

Description:

The Mao is a relatively large honeyeater, typically measuring around 28-31 cm (11-12 inches) in length. It has distinctive features including a prominent bare facial patch that is typically bluish in color, though the exact shade can vary. Its plumage is generally a dark olive-green above and a paler olive-yellow below. Juvenile birds often have duller coloration and a less pronounced facial patch.

Habitat and Distribution:

The Mao inhabits tropical moist lowland and montane forests, as well as some plantations and rural gardens. It is found on the islands of Savai'i and Upolu in Samoa, and on Tutuila in American Samoa. It is adaptable to a range of forest types, but prefers native forests with a diverse array of flowering plants.

Behavior and Ecology:

The Mao is primarily a nectarivore, feeding on the nectar of various flowering plants, including native trees and shrubs. It also consumes insects and fruits, especially during certain times of the year. They are known to be quite vocal, producing a variety of calls and songs. The Mao builds cup-shaped nests in trees, typically using materials such as twigs, moss, and spiderwebs. Breeding typically occurs during the dry season.

Conservation Status:

The Mao is currently listed as Near Threatened by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). While its population is relatively stable, it faces several threats, including habitat loss due to deforestation, agricultural expansion, and invasive species such as rats and feral cats which prey on eggs and young birds. Conservation efforts are underway to protect its remaining habitat and control invasive species.