Machir (biblical region)

Machir refers primarily to a geographical region and a significant clan within the Israelite tribes during the biblical period. Its understanding requires distinguishing between its usage as a personal name, a clan designation, and a territory.

Machir (Person): Machir was the son of Manasseh and grandson of Joseph (Genesis 50:23, Numbers 26:29). He is considered the founder of the clan that bore his name.

Machir (Clan): The descendants of Machir constituted a powerful clan within the tribe of Manasseh. They were known for their military prowess and their acquisition of territory in Gilead (Numbers 32:39-40). The clan of Machir is frequently mentioned in connection with conquering and settling the land east of the Jordan River.

Machir (Territory): The territory associated with the clan of Machir was located in Gilead, east of the Jordan River. Specifically, they possessed the northern part of Gilead (Joshua 17:1). The term "Machir" could sometimes refer more broadly to this region of Gilead dominated by the Machirite clan. The Bible indicates that they drove out the Amorites from Gilead and settled in their place (Numbers 32:39). The region of Machir was considered strategically important, being located in a fertile area and along trade routes.

Significance: The clan of Machir played a crucial role in the Israelite conquest and settlement of the Promised Land, particularly in Gilead. Their military strength and land acquisition contributed significantly to the expansion of Israelite territory east of the Jordan. References to Machir also highlight the internal tribal dynamics and competition for land among the Israelite tribes.