List of butterflies of India (Coeliadinae)
The subfamily Coeliadinae is a small group of butterflies belonging to the family Hesperiidae (skippers). They are characterized by their unique wing shape and flight patterns. This list aims to catalog the species of Coeliadinae butterflies recorded from India, offering a reference for researchers, butterfly enthusiasts, and conservationists.
Taxonomic Considerations:
The classification of Hesperiidae, including Coeliadinae, has undergone revisions over time. The species listed below reflect current generally accepted taxonomy, but variations may exist depending on the source.
Species List:
- Badamia exclamationis (Fabricius, 1775) - Brown Awl
- Choaspes benjaminii (Guérin-Méneville, 1843) - Common Awlking
- Choaspes hemixanthus Rothschild, 1903 - Yellow Awlking
- Hasora anura de Nicéville, 1889 - Slate Awl
- Hasora chromus (Cramer, [1780]) - Common Awl
- Hasora taminatus (Hübner, [1819]) - White-banded Awl
- Hasora vitta (Butler, 1870) - Plain Banded Awl
- Bibasis sena (Moore, [1866]) - Orange Tail Awl
- Bibasis vasutana Moore, 1865 - Green Awlet
- Burara harisa (Moore, [1866]) - Orange Awlet
- Burara gomata (Moore, [1866]) - Pale Green Awlet
- Burara etelka (Hewitson, 1869) - White-spotted Awlet
Distribution:
The distribution of these species within India varies significantly based on factors such as habitat availability, altitude, and climate. Certain species are more common in specific regions, such as the Western Ghats, the Himalayas, or Northeast India. Detailed distribution information for each species can be found in regional butterfly guides and scientific publications.
Conservation Status:
The conservation status of each species is determined by assessments conducted by organizations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and local conservation bodies. Factors like habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change pose threats to butterfly populations. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect these species and their habitats.
Further Research:
This list serves as a starting point for further research on Coeliadinae butterflies in India. Continued research is necessary to refine species identification, understand their ecological roles, and implement effective conservation strategies. Monitoring population trends and studying their responses to environmental changes are essential for their long-term survival.