Kigilyakh

Kigilyakh (Russian: Кигилях, Yakut: Киһилээх) are pillar-shaped rock formations found primarily in the Arctic regions of Siberia, particularly in Yakutia (Sakha Republic), Russia. The word kigilyakh originates from the Yakut language and translates roughly to "stone pillar" or "standing stone."

These formations are typically composed of granite or sandstone and are remnants of weathered mountains. The kigilyakh are formed by the selective erosion of weaker rock, leaving behind more resistant portions as pillars. The process is exacerbated by freeze-thaw cycles common in permafrost regions, where water seeps into cracks, freezes, expands, and gradually breaks the rock apart.

Kigilyakh are often associated with local folklore and spiritual beliefs. They are considered sacred places by the Yakut people and are sometimes linked to shamanic practices. Many legends and stories surround the formations, adding to their cultural significance.

While primarily located in Yakutia, similar rock formations can be found in other cold climate environments around the world. However, the term kigilyakh is most specifically and accurately applied to those found in Siberia, particularly those that hold cultural significance to the Yakut people.

The preservation of kigilyakh is an increasing concern due to climate change. Rising temperatures are causing permafrost to thaw, which can destabilize the rock formations and lead to their collapse. This poses a threat not only to the geological features themselves but also to the cultural heritage associated with them.