Kathiri

Kathiri refers to a historical tribal polity and its associated dynasty that controlled a significant portion of Hadramaut in present-day Yemen. The Kathiri state, formally known as the Kathiri Sultanate of Seiyun, emerged in the 14th century and lasted until the late 20th century.

The Kathiri tribe, from which the dynasty originated, played a prominent role in the political landscape of Hadramaut. They gradually consolidated power, culminating in the establishment of their sultanate with Seiyun as its capital.

Throughout its history, the Kathiri Sultanate faced various challenges, including internal tribal rivalries, competition with other regional powers such as the Qu'aiti Sultanate, and external pressures from colonial powers. The Qu'aiti Sultanate eventually gained control over much of Hadramaut, relegating the Kathiri to a smaller, inland territory.

Despite these challenges, the Kathiri Sultanate maintained a degree of autonomy and cultural identity. They were known for their patronage of Islamic scholarship and their role in preserving traditional Hadrami customs.

In 1967, the Kathiri Sultanate was abolished with the establishment of the People's Republic of South Yemen, which later became part of unified Yemen. While the sultanate no longer exists, the Kathiri tribe and their historical legacy continue to be a part of Hadramaut's rich cultural heritage.