Jhelum

Jhelum refers to several distinct entities primarily associated with the Kashmir region of the Indian subcontinent:

• Jhelum River: The most prominent meaning is the Jhelum River, also known as the Vitasta in ancient times (particularly in the Rigveda). It is a major river that flows through the disputed territory of Jammu and Kashmir, administered by India and Pakistan. The river originates in the Verinag Spring in the Pir Panjal Range and flows northwest through the Kashmir Valley before entering Pakistan, where it joins the Chenab River. It is a significant source of irrigation and transportation for the region, and holds cultural and religious importance.

• Jhelum (City): Also known as Jhelam, it is a city located in the Punjab province of Pakistan, situated on the banks of the Jhelum River. The city is the capital of Jhelum District. It is historically significant and serves as a major agricultural and industrial center in the region. The city is known for its history, including its connection to the Battle of the Hydaspes between Alexander the Great and King Porus in 326 BC (though the exact location of the battle is debated).

• Jhelum District: A district located in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is part of the Pothohar Plateau. The district is characterized by its diverse landscape, including agricultural plains, hills, and the Jhelum River. Its economy is based on agriculture, industry, and remittances from overseas workers.

• Jhelum Canal: A canal system that draws water from the Jhelum River for irrigation purposes in Pakistan. This canal network contributes significantly to the agricultural productivity of the surrounding areas.

In summary, "Jhelum" can refer to a major river, a city, a district, or a canal system all linked geographically and historically in the Kashmir region and Pakistan.