Gramma (fish)

Gramma is a genus of small, brightly colored marine fish belonging to the family Grammatidae. These fish are commonly referred to as basslets, fairy basslets, or grammas. They are found primarily in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean, including the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and waters off the coast of South America.

Grammas are popular in the aquarium trade due to their vibrant coloration and relatively peaceful temperament. They are typically small, reaching lengths of only a few inches. Their bodies are elongated and compressed, with a continuous dorsal fin. Coloration varies between species, but many exhibit striking combinations of purple, yellow, and orange.

The genus Gramma currently comprises several recognized species, each with its own distinct characteristics and distribution. Some common species include the Royal Gramma (Gramma loreto), the Blackcap Basslet (Gramma melacara), and the Fairy Basslet (Gramma dejongi).

Grammas are typically found in reef environments, where they inhabit caves, crevices, and overhangs. They are generally shy and retiring fish, preferring to remain close to shelter. Their diet consists primarily of small invertebrates, such as copepods and amphipods.

In the aquarium, grammas require a well-established reef tank with plenty of hiding places. They are generally peaceful towards other fish, but may be territorial towards members of their own species. Proper care and feeding are essential to maintain their health and vibrant coloration.