Entomophaga (fly)

Entomophaga is a genus of fungi within the order Entomophthorales. These fungi are known as insect pathogens, specifically targeting and killing various species of flies (Diptera). The name Entomophaga literally translates to "insect eater."

Entomophaga fungi are characterized by their ability to cause epizootics, or outbreaks of disease, in fly populations. Infection begins when a fungal spore contacts the cuticle of a susceptible fly. The spore then germinates, penetrating the insect's exoskeleton. Inside the fly's body, the fungus grows and spreads, eventually consuming the host's tissues.

Infected flies typically exhibit behavioral changes prior to death, often being found at elevated positions on vegetation. These elevated positions are thought to aid in the dispersal of fungal spores, which are released from the cadaver after the fly dies. The spores are then dispersed by wind and rain, potentially infecting new hosts.

Different species of Entomophaga exhibit varying degrees of host specificity. Some species target a narrow range of fly species, while others are capable of infecting a broader spectrum of hosts.

Research into Entomophaga fungi is ongoing, particularly in the context of biological control. Because of their ability to naturally control fly populations, Entomophaga species are considered potential candidates for use as biopesticides in agriculture and other settings. However, challenges remain in the development of effective and reliable Entomophaga-based biopesticides, including issues related to mass production, storage, and environmental factors that influence fungal survival and infectivity.