EGOT (gene)

EGOT, in genetics, is a gene in Escherichia coli (E. coli) that encodes for glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, also known as aspartate aminotransferase. This enzyme is crucial for the metabolism of amino acids, specifically catalyzing the reversible transfer of an amino group from aspartate to α-ketoglutarate, yielding oxaloacetate and glutamate. The EGOT enzyme plays a role in several metabolic pathways, including amino acid biosynthesis and degradation, as well as gluconeogenesis. The gene's expression is regulated by various environmental factors, including the availability of amino acids and the presence of specific metabolic intermediates. Mutations in the EGOT gene can lead to disruptions in amino acid metabolism and potentially impact bacterial growth and survival under certain conditions. The enzyme is a homodimer, meaning it is composed of two identical protein subunits. It requires pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), a derivative of vitamin B6, as a cofactor for its activity. Studies on EGOT and related transaminases have contributed to a better understanding of amino acid metabolism in bacteria and other organisms.