Donald McNaughton (Canadian general)
Donald McNaughton (January 21, 1887 – July 11, 1960) was a prominent Canadian scientist, engineer, soldier, and diplomat. He is best known for his distinguished military career during the First and Second World Wars, his contributions to Canadian engineering and science, and his post-war diplomatic efforts.
McNaughton was born in Moosomin, Saskatchewan. He graduated from McGill University with a degree in electrical engineering and subsequently served as a professor there.
During World War I, McNaughton served with the Canadian Expeditionary Force, rising to the rank of Brigadier-General and earning distinctions for his expertise in artillery. His wartime experience solidified his reputation as a brilliant and innovative military leader.
In the interwar period, McNaughton served as President of the National Research Council of Canada, where he played a crucial role in fostering scientific and technological development. He championed applied research and its application to Canadian industry.
At the outbreak of World War II, McNaughton was appointed commander of the Canadian Active Service Force, later redesignated the First Canadian Army. He commanded Canadian troops in the United Kingdom during the early years of the war, focusing on training and defense. While his leadership in preparing Canadian forces was highly regarded, his relationship with British military leaders was sometimes strained.
In December 1943, McNaughton was recalled to Canada. He subsequently served as Minister of National Defence for a short period in 1944-1945, attempting to address the conscription crisis. He lost the 1945 federal election and retired from politics.
After the war, McNaughton served as Canada's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, where he advocated for peaceful resolutions to international conflicts. He also played a key role in negotiations related to the Columbia River Treaty with the United States.
Donald McNaughton died in Montreal in 1960, leaving behind a legacy as one of Canada's most distinguished military and public figures. His contributions spanned science, engineering, military leadership, and diplomacy, profoundly shaping Canada's development in the 20th century.