Donald McLean (New Zealand politician)

Donald McLean (26 October 1820 – 5 January 1877) was a New Zealand politician, public servant, interpreter, and land purchase negotiator. He was a central figure in the acquisition of Māori land by the New Zealand government in the mid-19th century, playing a critical role in shaping the relationship between Māori and the Crown.

Born in Tiree, Scotland, McLean emigrated to New Zealand in 1838. He initially worked as a farmhand and then as a storekeeper before becoming involved in government service. His proficiency in the Māori language, learned through extensive interaction with Māori communities, proved invaluable.

McLean served as Native Secretary from 1856 to 1876, a position that gave him considerable power over Māori affairs. He was also appointed Minister of Native Affairs in 1869, holding the post until 1876. In these roles, he oversaw the implementation of government policies related to land acquisition, often through controversial methods and sometimes involving pressure and manipulation.

His approach to land purchase aimed to secure large tracts of Māori land for European settlement, often resulting in the displacement of Māori and contributing to the growing tensions that ultimately led to the New Zealand Wars. While he argued that his actions were aimed at promoting peaceful coexistence, his policies were seen by many Māori as undermining their land rights and sovereignty.

McLean also served as a Member of Parliament, representing various electorates including Napier. He was knighted in 1874 for his services to the Crown.

His legacy is complex and contested. While celebrated by some for opening up land for settlement and promoting integration, he is viewed by others as a symbol of colonial injustice and the dispossession of Māori land. He died in Wellington in 1877.