David Gregory (mathematician)

David Gregory (1661 – 1708) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer, holding the Savilian Professor of Astronomy position at the University of Oxford from 1691 until his death. He was a prominent advocate for Isaac Newton's theories and played a significant role in disseminating Newton's ideas in Britain and Europe.

Gregory was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, into a family with strong mathematical and scientific connections. His uncle, James Gregory, was a noted mathematician and astronomer in his own right. David Gregory studied at the University of Edinburgh, graduating in 1683. In 1684, he became Professor of Mathematics at the University of Edinburgh, succeeding his uncle in that role.

Gregory's most significant contribution was his exposition and popularization of Newtonian mechanics. He corresponded extensively with Newton and other leading scientists of the time, including Edmond Halley. In 1691, he was elected Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford, a prestigious position that solidified his reputation as a leading scientist.

Gregory is known for his textbook, Astronomiae physicae et geometricae elementa (1702), a comprehensive treatment of astronomy based on Newtonian principles. The book was widely influential and contributed significantly to the acceptance of Newton's ideas. He also edited and published the works of Euclid and other classical mathematicians.

Gregory's other notable contributions include work on optics, particularly lenses and telescopes, and contributions to the development of calculus. He died in Maidenhead, England, in 1708. His efforts were critical in establishing Newton's theories as the foundation of modern physics and astronomy.