Baton (military)
A baton in a military context is a short, stout stick or truncheon typically made of wood, metal, or composite materials. Its primary purpose is as a non-lethal weapon used for compliance, crowd control, and self-defense. Military police, security personnel, and other designated troops may be authorized to carry batons as part of their equipment.
Types and Variations:
Military batons come in various styles and sizes, often adapted to specific roles and operational requirements. Common types include:
- Straight Baton: The traditional and simplest design, consisting of a straight shaft with a handle.
- Side-Handle Baton (PR-24): Features a perpendicular side handle that allows for greater control and a wider range of defensive and offensive techniques. Often referred to as a tonfa.
- Expandable Baton: A collapsible baton that can be quickly extended to its full length with a flick of the wrist. These are advantageous for ease of carry and concealment.
Use and Training:
The use of batons in the military is generally governed by strict regulations and use-of-force policies. Personnel authorized to carry batons receive specialized training on proper techniques, target areas, and escalation of force principles. This training emphasizes the importance of using the baton responsibly and minimizing the risk of serious injury. Strikes are typically aimed at larger muscle groups to incapacitate rather than cause permanent harm.
Legal Considerations:
The legality and permissibility of using batons by military personnel are subject to international laws of armed conflict (LOAC), rules of engagement (ROE), and applicable national laws and regulations. Justification for use generally relies on self-defense, defense of others, maintaining order, or enforcing lawful commands.
Symbolic Significance:
Historically, batons have also served as symbols of authority or rank within military organizations. For example, a field marshal's baton is a highly symbolic and decorative staff representing the highest rank in many armies. This is distinct from the more utilitarian batons used for law enforcement and security.