Balaam

Balaam was a non-Israelite diviner or prophet mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), particularly in the Book of Numbers, chapters 22-24, and also in Deuteronomy, Joshua, Nehemiah, and Micah.

According to the biblical narrative, Balaam was hired by Balak, the king of Moab, to curse the Israelites, who were encamped on the plains of Moab and posed a threat. God, however, intervened, instructing Balaam not to curse the Israelites. Despite repeated pressure and offers from Balak, Balaam was unable to directly curse Israel.

Instead of a curse, Balaam delivered a series of blessings and prophecies concerning the future greatness and power of Israel. These blessings are presented as poetic oracles.

Balaam's story is complex and subject to various interpretations. He is sometimes seen as a flawed figure, tempted by wealth and power, who ultimately recognized the power of God. The New Testament (specifically 2 Peter 2:15 and Jude 1:11) presents a more negative view of Balaam, associating him with greed and false teaching. The Book of Revelation (Revelation 2:14) also condemns the "doctrine of Balaam," linking it to idolatry and sexual immorality.

Balaam's historical existence is debated. Some scholars consider him to be a fictional character, while others suggest he may have been a real person whose story was embellished over time. The Tel Dan Stele, an ancient inscription discovered in northern Israel, mentions a figure who may be related to the biblical Balaam, although the interpretation remains contested.