1738 in France

1738 in France was a year marked by ongoing political intrigue within the court of Louis XV, continued economic activity despite earlier financial instability, and advancements in the arts and sciences that reflect the broader Enlightenment period.

Politics and Court Life:

The reign of Louis XV continued, characterized by the influence of various court factions. Madame de Pompadour had not yet become the King's official mistress; however, the existing mistresses and power brokers continued to exert their influence on royal decisions and patronage. France remained a major power in Europe, maintaining diplomatic relationships and navigating complex alliances with other European nations. There were continuing tensions with Great Britain over colonial holdings and trade routes, setting the stage for future conflicts.

Economy and Society:

While the previous decade had seen financial challenges, France's economy was generally improving in 1738. Agricultural production remained a cornerstone of the French economy, and trade continued to be vital, particularly with colonies in the Americas and Asia. Social stratification remained rigid, with a clear divide between the nobility, clergy, and the Third Estate, which comprised the vast majority of the population. The burgeoning middle class, or bourgeoisie, continued to grow in influence, fueled by commerce and increasing literacy.

Arts and Sciences:

The Enlightenment ideals of reason, science, and progress continued to permeate French intellectual life. The Académie des Sciences remained a prominent institution, fostering scientific inquiry and innovation. Literature and the arts flourished, with writers and artists exploring new forms and ideas. Salons, gatherings hosted by influential women, played a crucial role in disseminating intellectual discourse and shaping public opinion. Musical performances and theatrical productions were popular forms of entertainment, contributing to the vibrant cultural landscape of France. This was a period that saw the development of distinct French styles in painting and architecture. Philosophers were beginning to challenge traditional authority and advocating for reforms based on reason and individual liberty, though these views were often met with resistance from the established powers.