Zhang Ni

Zhang Ni (張嶷), (died 254), was a military officer of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He is known for his loyalty, bravery, and integrity, particularly for his service in the southern regions of Shu Han and his campaigns against the Nanman tribes.

Born in Dangqu County (當渠縣, present-day Peng'an County, Sichuan), Zhang Ni initially served under the warlord Liu Zhang before submitting to Liu Bei when the latter conquered Yi Province (益州, covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) in the early 210s.

Following Zhuge Liang's death in 234, Zhang Ni was appointed as the administrator of various commanderies in southern Shu Han, including Yuexi (越巂, around present-day Xichang, Sichuan). He was responsible for pacifying the Nanman tribes, who frequently raided and rebelled against Shu Han. Zhang Ni employed a combination of military force and diplomacy to maintain order and earn the respect of the local population. He understood the importance of addressing the root causes of unrest, such as economic hardship and cultural differences.

Zhang Ni was known for his unwavering loyalty to Shu Han and his concern for the well-being of the people under his administration. He was often outnumbered in his campaigns against the Nanman but always fought bravely and strategically. He was also known for his strict adherence to the law and his refusal to accept bribes.

In 254, during a campaign against the rebel leader Li Yi (李億), Zhang Ni was killed in action. He was posthumously honored for his service to Shu Han. His story is often cited as an example of loyalty, bravery, and effective administration in the face of challenging circumstances. His actions contributed significantly to maintaining Shu Han's control over its southern territories.