William Mason (religious writer)

William Mason (1719-1791) was an English clergyman, poet, and horticulturalist, but is best known for his contributions to religious literature and his close association with the poet Thomas Gray.

Born in Kingston upon Hull, Mason was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he formed a lasting friendship with Gray. He took holy orders and eventually became precentor of York Minster and rector of Aston, Yorkshire, posts he held for much of his life.

Mason's literary output was diverse. While his poetry, including "Musaeus," "The English Garden," and "Caractacus," enjoyed considerable popularity in his day, they are now less widely read. He is more remembered for his religious writings, which included hymns and sermons. He also played a significant role in publishing Gray's works after the poet's death, editing Gray's poems and letters and providing a biographical account. This biography cemented Gray's reputation and ensured his continued recognition.

Mason's "Self-Knowledge," a practical guide to introspection and spiritual growth, proved particularly influential. It reflected the evangelical emphasis on personal piety and contributed to the religious revivalism of the late 18th century. He also produced translations of several hymns from the Greek and Latin.

He was a key figure in the literary and religious circles of his time, admired for his intellectual abilities, artistic sensibilities, and devotion to his faith. Although his poems are less celebrated now, his religious writings and his work in promoting Gray's legacy ensure his continued relevance in literary and religious history.