William Cooper (conchologist)

William Cooper (1798 – 1864) was an American conchologist. He is considered one of the founding fathers of American conchology.

Cooper was born in New York City to wealthy merchant William Cooper (1753-1809), a Quaker, and Margaret Campbell. His early interest in natural history was cultivated by his family and surroundings. Despite his privileged background, Cooper lacked formal scientific training but compensated through diligent observation, extensive collecting, and correspondence with leading European naturalists.

Cooper primarily focused on the study of mollusks, amassing a substantial collection of shells from around the world. He was a significant figure in the early development of malacology in North America, contributing significantly to the understanding and classification of molluscan species. Although he authored relatively few publications, his expertise was widely recognized, and his collection served as an important resource for researchers. He generously shared specimens and information with colleagues, fostering the growth of conchological knowledge.

Cooper was a member of the Lyceum of Natural History in New York (later the New York Academy of Sciences) and played an active role in its activities. His collection was ultimately acquired by the Academy, forming a cornerstone of its scientific resources. He died in New York City. His son, James Graham Cooper, also became a notable naturalist.