Usta art

Usta art, also referred to as Naqqashi art, is a traditional form of decorative painting and ornamentation practiced primarily in the Rajasthan region of India, particularly in Bikaner. It involves intricate gold embossing and painting on various surfaces, including walls, ceilings, wood, leather, and glass. The art form is characterized by its elaborate designs, vibrant colors (traditionally gold, red, green, and white), and meticulous detail.

The term "Usta" refers to the artisans who practice this craft. These artisans, often Muslim families from the Bikaner region, have historically passed down the techniques and traditions of Usta art through generations. The motifs commonly depicted in Usta art include floral patterns, geometric designs, mythological figures, and scenes from royal life.

The process of creating Usta art is labor-intensive. It involves preparing the surface, applying a base coat, embossing the desired patterns with specialized tools, and then meticulously painting and gilding the embossed areas. The use of gold leaf adds a luxurious and opulent aesthetic to the finished artwork.

Usta art has historically been associated with the patronage of royal families and wealthy merchants, who commissioned Usta artisans to decorate their palaces, havelis (traditional mansions), and other buildings. Today, Usta art is still practiced in Bikaner, although its popularity has declined somewhat. Efforts are being made to preserve and promote this unique art form through tourism, training programs, and government initiatives. The art is now also adapted to smaller items such as decorative boxes, furniture panels and souvenirs to cater to a wider market.