Touama

Touama is a term primarily associated with a historical territory and its indigenous inhabitants located in the region of modern-day New Caledonia, a French overseas territory in the southwest Pacific Ocean. The Touama people traditionally inhabited the central east coast of Grande Terre, the main island of New Caledonia.

Historically, the Touama were a distinct Kanak tribe or chiefdom (chefferie) with their own language (a dialect within the broader Kanak language family), customs, and social structures. They engaged in agriculture, fishing, and traditional Kanak crafts. Their society, like other Kanak groups, was based on a hierarchical system with chiefs playing a central role.

The arrival of European colonists in the 19th century significantly impacted the Touama and other Kanak peoples. Colonial policies led to land confiscation, social disruption, and resistance movements. The Kanak people, including the Touama, experienced periods of conflict and suppression under French rule.

Today, the descendants of the Touama continue to live in New Caledonia. They maintain aspects of their cultural heritage and participate in contemporary New Caledonian society. Efforts are being made to preserve and promote Kanak languages and traditions, including those specific to the Touama.

The term "Touama" can also sometimes refer to the geographical region historically associated with the Touama people.