Theoktistos (magistros)

Theoktistos was a highly influential Byzantine official during the reign of Emperor Michael III (r. 842-867). He served as magistros (master of offices) and effectively regent for Michael's mother, Empress Theodora, during the minority of the emperor. His influence spanned from 842 to 856.

As magistros, Theoktistos controlled the Byzantine government and played a key role in restoring the veneration of icons after the period of iconoclasm. He orchestrated the deposition of the iconoclast Patriarch John VII Grammatikos and the appointment of the iconophile Patriarch Methodios I.

Theoktistos's administration also focused on consolidating the empire's frontiers, particularly in the east against the Abbasid Caliphate. He oversaw military campaigns and diplomatic efforts aimed at containing Arab expansion.

However, Theoktistos's power and influence generated resentment. He was accused of mismanaging the empire's finances and of exceeding his authority. In 855/856, Michael III came of age and, encouraged by his uncle Bardas, orchestrated Theoktistos's assassination. The death of Theoktistos marked a turning point in Michael III's reign, leading to the rise of Bardas and a new era of administrative and military reforms. Theoktistos remains a controversial figure in Byzantine history, remembered both for his role in the restoration of icons and for his perceived corruption and ambition.