Islamabad

Islamabad is the capital city of Pakistan, located within the Islamabad Capital Territory. It is a planned city, built in the 1960s to replace Karachi as the capital.

History: The decision to construct a new capital was made in 1958, driven by concerns regarding Karachi's overcrowded conditions, vulnerability to naval attacks, and distance from the country's geopolitical center. A Greek firm of architects, Doxiadis Associates, designed the city based on a grid plan, dividing it into sectors. Construction began in 1961, and Islamabad officially became the capital on August 14, 1967.

Geography: Islamabad is situated on the Potohar Plateau, north of the Punjab province. The city is characterized by rolling hills and a relatively green landscape, contrasting with the more arid regions of Pakistan. The Margalla Hills National Park lies to the north, providing a scenic backdrop and recreational opportunities. The Rawal Lake is a significant water reservoir for the city.

Climate: Islamabad experiences a humid subtropical climate, with hot summers, mild winters, and a monsoon season. The average temperature ranges from below freezing in winter to over 40°C (104°F) in summer.

Demographics: Islamabad has a diverse population, representing people from all regions of Pakistan. Urdu and English are the official languages.

Economy: The economy of Islamabad is primarily based on government services, finance, and education. The city houses numerous government offices, diplomatic missions, and educational institutions.

Culture: Islamabad is a relatively modern city with a blend of Pakistani and international influences. It is known for its well-maintained parks, gardens, and wide avenues. Key landmarks include the Faisal Mosque, Pakistan Monument, and Lok Virsa Museum.

Administration: Islamabad is administered by the Capital Development Authority (CDA), which is responsible for urban planning, infrastructure development, and civic services.

Transport: Islamabad is well-connected by road, rail, and air. The Islamabad International Airport serves as the main airport for the city and the surrounding region. The city also has a network of highways and a metro bus system for public transportation.