Taurids

The Taurids are a meteor shower associated with the comet 2P/Encke. Two distinct streams comprise the shower: the Southern Taurids and the Northern Taurids.

The Southern Taurids are active from approximately September 10th to November 20th, peaking around November 5th. The Northern Taurids are active from approximately October 20th to December 10th, peaking around November 12th. Both showers are known for their slow-moving, often bright fireballs, although the Zenithal Hourly Rate (ZHR) is typically low, around 5 meteors per hour.

The Taurids are believed to be a broad stream of debris left behind by Comet Encke over thousands of years. This results in a more diffuse and extended shower compared to others with sharper peaks. Some research suggests that the Taurid stream may be associated with several larger, undiscovered objects, possibly including asteroids or larger fragments of a fragmented comet.

The Taurids are noteworthy for producing a higher proportion of fireballs than many other meteor showers. These bright meteors are caused by larger particles burning up in the Earth's atmosphere. The slow speed of the Taurid meteors (approximately 27 km/s) also contributes to their brightness and visibility.

Due to the low ZHR, patience is required to observe the Taurids. Observers should look towards the constellation Taurus, from which the meteors appear to radiate. The radiant point shifts slightly throughout the duration of the shower as the Earth moves along its orbit. Dark skies away from light pollution are essential for optimal viewing.