Riot gun

A riot gun, also known as a riot shotgun or less-lethal launcher, is a type of firearm designed to fire less-lethal ammunition for crowd control purposes. It is generally a shotgun or grenade launcher modified or specifically manufactured to deploy projectiles intended to subdue individuals or disperse crowds without causing serious or fatal injury.

Riot guns are typically chambered in 12-gauge, although other calibers may be used. The ammunition they fire varies but commonly includes rubber bullets, beanbag rounds, plastic bullets, tear gas projectiles, pepper spray projectiles, and sting-ball grenades. The objective is to deliver a painful but non-life-threatening impact that discourages further disruptive behavior.

These weapons are often employed by law enforcement agencies and military forces during civil unrest, protests, and other situations where crowd control is necessary. The use of riot guns is controversial, as the less-lethal ammunition can still cause serious injury, including fractures, internal bleeding, eye damage, and even death, especially when used improperly or at close range. International guidelines and best practices emphasize the need for careful training, clear protocols for use, and a focus on de-escalation strategies to minimize the risk of harm. The legality and regulations surrounding riot gun usage vary significantly across jurisdictions.