R-60 (missile)

The R-60 (NATO reporting name: AA-8 'Aphid') is a short-range, air-to-air missile developed by the Soviet Union for use by fighter aircraft. Entering service in the 1970s, it was designed as a lightweight and highly maneuverable weapon for engaging close-range targets. The R-60 is a solid-propellant rocket-powered missile employing an infrared (heat-seeking) homing system.

Several variants of the R-60 have been produced, including the R-60M. The R-60M featured improvements in seeker sensitivity and a more powerful warhead.

The R-60 has been widely exported and used by numerous air forces around the world. It has been integrated onto a variety of Soviet/Russian-made fighter aircraft, including the MiG-21, MiG-23, MiG-25, MiG-29, Su-15, Su-20, Su-25, and Su-27. It has also been adapted for helicopter use.

Key features of the R-60 include its relatively small size and weight, allowing aircraft to carry a larger number of missiles. Its short range makes it primarily a dogfighting weapon. It relies on the target's heat signature to guide it towards impact.