Pangma
Pangma is a Nepali term referring to a type of coarse, handwoven wool blanket or rug traditionally made in the mountainous regions of Nepal, particularly by Tibetan communities and other ethnic groups living at high altitudes. These textiles are known for their durability, warmth, and distinctive patterns.
Characteristics:
- Material: Pangma are typically crafted from sheep's wool, often from local breeds adapted to the harsh climate. The wool is usually hand-spun, giving the resulting fabric a slightly uneven texture.
- Weaving Technique: They are woven on traditional backstrap looms or other simple looms, allowing for intricate designs. The weaving process is labor-intensive and often done within the home.
- Design and Motifs: Pangma often feature geometric patterns, including stripes, diamonds, and other symmetrical shapes. Some may incorporate religious or cultural symbols. The colours used are often vibrant, utilizing natural dyes derived from plants and minerals available in the region, though synthetic dyes are increasingly common.
- Function: These blankets and rugs serve multiple purposes. They provide warmth as bedding or wraps, are used as floor coverings, and can be used as decorative items. Their robust construction makes them suitable for everyday use in rugged environments.
- Cultural Significance: Pangma are an integral part of the cultural heritage of the communities that produce them. The weaving tradition is passed down through generations, and the patterns and designs often carry symbolic meaning. They can be used in ceremonies and celebrations.
Modern Usage:
While traditionally produced for local use, Pangma are increasingly being marketed to tourists and exported, providing an income source for the weavers. The availability of synthetic dyes and machine-spun yarns has led to some changes in production methods, but many weavers continue to use traditional techniques. Efforts are being made to promote sustainable practices and preserve the cultural heritage associated with Pangma weaving.