Opopanax (perfumery)

Opopanax is a fragrant resin derived from plants of the Opopanax genus, primarily Opopanax chironium (also known as Commiphora opopanax and Commiphora erythraea). It is used in perfumery for its balsamic, sweet, and slightly animalic scent profile.

Description: Opopanax is harvested by making incisions in the stem of the plant. A milky latex exudes from these cuts and hardens into irregular, reddish-brown or yellowish-brown tears or masses. This solidified resin is then collected and processed for use.

Scent Profile: The aroma of opopanax is complex and multifaceted. It typically exhibits warm, sweet, balsamic notes with hints of caramel, spice (such as saffron and pepper), and a subtle earthy or animalic undertone. The precise scent can vary depending on the species of plant, the region it is grown in, and the processing methods used.

Uses in Perfumery: Opopanax is a valuable ingredient in perfumery, acting as a base note that provides depth, warmth, and longevity to fragrance compositions. It is often used in oriental, amber, and woody perfumes to create a rich and opulent character. Opopanax can also be found in more modern and unconventional fragrances, where its unique aroma adds an intriguing complexity.

Extraction: The resin is typically extracted using steam distillation or solvent extraction to obtain opopanax essential oil or absolute, respectively. These extracts are then used by perfumers to create fragrance accords.

Historical Significance: Opopanax has a long history of use, dating back to ancient civilizations. It was used in incense, perfumes, and traditional medicine by the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. Its value stemmed from its pleasing aroma and purported medicinal properties.

Other Names: Opopanax is also sometimes referred to as sweet myrrh, although it is botanically distinct from true myrrh (Commiphora myrrha). The term "bisabol myrrh" may also be encountered.