Melittis

Melittis is a small genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It contains only one accepted species, Melittis melissophyllum, commonly known as bastard balm or balm-leaved archangel.

Description:

Melittis melissophyllum is a herbaceous perennial plant native to Europe and parts of Asia. It typically grows to a height of 30-60 cm (12-24 inches). The leaves are ovate, toothed, and resemble those of the related balm (Melissa officinalis), hence the name "balm-leaved." The flowers are relatively large and showy, typically white or pale pink with a purple or reddish lower lip. They are arranged in whorls in the axils of the upper leaves. The plant emits a pleasant, aromatic scent when crushed.

Distribution and Habitat:

Bastard balm is found in deciduous woodlands, scrub, and hedgerows throughout much of Europe and into western Asia. It prefers shaded, moist conditions and well-drained soil.

Ecology:

The flowers of Melittis melissophyllum are attractive to bees (hence the genus name Melittis, derived from the Greek word for bee) and other pollinators. The plant is also a food source for the larvae of some Lepidoptera species.

Uses:

Historically, Melittis melissophyllum has been used in traditional medicine for its purported anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support these claims. It is sometimes grown as an ornamental plant in gardens.