Lead wool

Lead wool is a form of lead that has been processed into fine, flexible strands resembling steel wool or cotton wool. It is created by shaving or extruding lead into these fine fibers.

Lead wool is primarily used for caulking, packing, and sealing applications, particularly in situations where a malleable and dense material is required to fill gaps or create a radiation barrier. It is often employed in plumbing for caulking joints in cast iron pipes, and around pipes or conduits passing through walls or floors to provide a radiation shield, especially in medical or research facilities dealing with X-rays or other forms of radiation.

Due to the toxicity of lead, including its potential for lead poisoning through inhalation or ingestion, the use of lead wool requires strict adherence to safety precautions. These include wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as respirators, gloves, and eye protection, and ensuring adequate ventilation to minimize exposure to lead dust or fumes.

While lead wool provides effective sealing and radiation shielding properties, its use has been decreasing in some applications due to concerns about environmental and health hazards associated with lead. Alternative, less toxic materials are often preferred when available and suitable.