Latgalians (modern)

The Latgalians are a modern Baltic ethnic group inhabiting Latgale, the easternmost region of Latvia. They are distinguished by their distinct language, Latgalian, which is considered either a separate language or a dialect of Latvian. While closely related to standard Latvian, Latgalian exhibits notable differences in phonology, vocabulary, and grammar, reflecting its unique historical development influenced by contact with Belarusian and Russian.

In contemporary Latvia, the status of Latgalian is a complex and often debated issue. While it is officially recognized and protected as a variety of the Latvian language under Latvian law, some advocate for its recognition as a separate regional language. Latgalian is used in some schools, media outlets, and cultural activities, although its use remains limited compared to Latvian.

The Latgalian identity is intertwined with the language and cultural heritage of Latgale. Latgalians often identify strongly with their region and its unique traditions. Their cultural expression encompasses music, literature, folklore, and crafts. The preservation and promotion of Latgalian language and culture are ongoing efforts, often spearheaded by cultural organizations and individuals dedicated to maintaining this distinct Baltic identity within Latvia. While most Latgalians are also fluent in Latvian, the use and preservation of Latgalian are seen as vital to the cultural vitality of the Latgale region and the distinct identity of its inhabitants.