Kobzar

A kobzar (Ukrainian: кобзар; plural: kobzari) is a traditionally itinerant Ukrainian bard who sings and accompanies their performance with a kobza, bandura, or lira. While the term originally referred specifically to players of the kobza, over time it has become a generic term for Ukrainian epic singers, regardless of the instrument they play.

Historically, kobzari were often blind or visually impaired veterans or wandering religious figures who traveled from village to village, performing epic songs (dumy), historical narratives, religious songs, and satirical pieces. They played a significant role in preserving and transmitting Ukrainian cultural identity, especially during periods of foreign domination and oppression.

The tradition of kobzari faced severe persecution under Soviet rule in the 1930s. Many kobzari were reportedly targeted and killed during a systematic campaign to eliminate Ukrainian national identity and culture. The extent of the repression remains a subject of historical debate, but it is clear that the kobzar tradition suffered a significant blow.

Despite this, the tradition has been revived and continues to exist today, with modern kobzari performing and teaching the art form to new generations. They are seen as important symbols of Ukrainian national heritage and cultural resilience. The word "kobzar" also carries significant cultural weight in Ukraine, often associated with national identity, historical memory, and artistic expression. Furthermore, "Kobzar" is the title of a collection of poems by Taras Shevchenko, considered a foundational work of Ukrainian literature.