Kadavul

Kadavul (கடவுள்) is a Tamil word that generally translates to "God" in English. However, the concept encompasses a broader understanding than the Abrahamic God. It represents the supreme being, the ultimate reality, or the divine principle underlying all existence.

The understanding of Kadavul varies within different schools of thought within Hinduism, particularly those prevalent in Tamil Nadu. It can refer to a personal deity worshipped with devotion (bhakti), or to the impersonal Brahman of Advaita Vedanta, the ultimate, formless reality from which all things emanate.

In Tamil Saivism, a major Hindu denomination, Kadavul is often identified with Shiva. Vaishnavas, on the other hand, often consider Vishnu as Kadavul. However, the term is also used in a more generic sense to denote the divine power or presence regardless of specific sectarian affiliation.

The word Kadavul is often associated with concepts of omnipresence, omnipotence, and omniscience. It also embodies the qualities of compassion, justice, and grace. The term is integral to religious rituals, devotional practices, and philosophical discourse within Tamil Hindu traditions.

The root of the word is believed to be complex and debated amongst etymologists. Some propose connections to the words "kadu" (to cross, transcend) and "ul" (to be), implying the one who transcends existence or is beyond being.