James Franklin (printer)

James Franklin (1697-1735) was an early American printer and publisher, best known as the elder brother of Benjamin Franklin. He established and operated one of the first independent newspapers in the Thirteen Colonies, The New-England Courant.

Born in Boston, Massachusetts, James apprenticed as a printer in London. Upon his return to Boston, he initially worked for a printing firm before launching The New-England Courant in 1721. The newspaper was notable for its independent spirit and critical commentary on the colonial government and established religious institutions, setting it apart from the more officially sanctioned publications of the time. This independent stance often put him at odds with the authorities, leading to censorship and brief periods of imprisonment.

Benjamin Franklin worked as an apprentice for his brother on The New-England Courant, and contributed under the pseudonym "Silence Dogood." Disputes arose between the brothers, stemming from James's harsh treatment and Benjamin's ambition. This ultimately led Benjamin to leave Boston and seek his fortune elsewhere.

After facing continued pressure in Boston, James Franklin moved to Newport, Rhode Island, in 1726. There, he established another printing business and published the Rhode Island Gazette, the colony's first newspaper. He continued to work as a printer until his death in 1735. While overshadowed by his younger brother's later fame, James Franklin played a significant role in the development of early American journalism and the establishment of a more independent and critical press.