ISO 15924
ISO 15924 is an international standard that defines codes for the representation of names of scripts. Each script is given both a four-letter code and a numeric code, to be used for data processing. The standard is maintained by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization).
The four-letter code is preferred for most uses. It is derived where possible from the name of the script, offering a mnemonic value. The numeric code is useful where a numeric representation is more efficient or preferred.
The standard covers scripts that are currently in use, as well as many historical scripts. It is often used in conjunction with other character encoding standards, such as Unicode, to specify the script used for a particular character or block of text. For example, the code "Latn" represents the Latin script, while "Grek" represents the Greek script.
ISO 15924 codes are used in various applications, including font selection, language tagging, and data interchange. They provide a standardized way to identify and distinguish between different writing systems.