Hoi polloi

Hoi polloi (Greek: οἱ πολλοί, pronounced [oi̯ polˈloi̯]) is a Greek phrase literally meaning "the many." In English, it is used pejoratively to refer to the common people or the masses, especially when the speaker or writer is implying a perceived inferiority or lack of refinement on their part.

The term often carries a connotation of disdain or condescension, suggesting a perceived lack of taste, education, or social standing compared to an elite or more sophisticated group. While its literal translation is simply "the many," its usage in English goes beyond a neutral descriptor, implying a certain dismissiveness.

The phrase is typically used with the definite article "the," as in "the hoi polloi." Using it without the article is grammatically incorrect and would not carry the intended meaning.

Etymology and History:

The phrase originates from ancient Greek, where "hoi" is the definite article "the" in the nominative plural, and "polloi" is the adjective "many" in the masculine nominative plural form, modifying an understood masculine noun like "men" or "people." While the original Greek phrase could be used neutrally to refer to the majority of the population, its pejorative connotation developed over time, particularly when adopted into English.

Usage:

When using "hoi polloi," it's crucial to be aware of the potential for offense, as the term can be seen as elitist and insulting. The phrase is most often found in writing or formal speech where a writer or speaker wishes to express a sense of superiority or difference from the general populace.

Alternatives:

Depending on the desired nuance, alternative phrases that may be used include:

• The masses
• The common people
• The plebeians
• The proletariat
• The general public