Hedgehog (chess)

In chess, the Hedgehog is a pawn structure characterized by pawns on a6, b6, d6, and e6 for Black, often coupled with a knight on c6 and another on e7 or d7. White typically has pawns on a2, b2, d4, and e4.

The Hedgehog arises from several opening variations, often stemming from the English Opening or the Sicilian Defense (especially the Scheveningen). It is a highly flexible and resilient defensive setup for Black, characterized by its solidity and the difficulty White has in cracking the pawn structure.

The strategic aim of the Hedgehog for Black is to control key squares in the center and wait for White to overextend or commit to a specific plan. This allows Black to then unleash tactical counterplay, often involving pawn breaks (typically ...b5 or ...d5) or active piece play.

White's typical plan against the Hedgehog involves trying to undermine its stability, often by applying pressure on the flanks or attempting to provoke a premature pawn break. Space advantage is usually held by White, and a patient, positional approach is frequently adopted.

The Hedgehog demands careful handling by both sides, requiring a strong understanding of positional principles and tactical calculation. It can lead to complex and protracted middlegame battles.