Harissa

Harissa is a hot chili pepper paste or sauce originating from North Africa, particularly Tunisia. Its primary ingredients are roasted red peppers, Baklouti peppers (in some regional variations), garlic, spices such as cumin, coriander, and caraway, and olive oil. Rose petals are also sometimes included, lending a floral note to the paste.

The exact ingredients and preparation methods for harissa can vary significantly by region, family, and personal preference. The paste is often homemade, with each household having its own unique recipe passed down through generations. Commercially produced harissa is also widely available.

Harissa is used as a condiment, ingredient, or flavoring agent in a wide variety of dishes. It can be stirred into stews, soups, and couscous; used as a marinade for meats and vegetables; spread on sandwiches; or served as a dip with bread. It adds a characteristic smoky, spicy flavor to North African cuisine.

The heat level of harissa can range from mild to extremely hot, depending on the type and quantity of chili peppers used. Different varieties of harissa are available, often labeled according to their heat level or specific ingredient combinations.