Gypsy, Roma and Traveller people (UK)

Gypsy, Roma and Traveller people (UK) collectively refers to a number of distinct ethnic groups who live in the United Kingdom, each with their own history, culture, and language. These groups are legally recognised as ethnic minorities and are protected under UK anti-discrimination laws.

Groups Included:

• Romany Gypsies: Descendants of people who migrated from Northern India centuries ago. They traditionally speak Romanes, a language related to Sanskrit and other Indo-Aryan languages. Romany Gypsies have a long history of nomadic or semi-nomadic life in the UK.

• Irish Travellers: An indigenous ethnic group native to Ireland, with a distinct culture, traditions, and language called Cant, also known as Gammon. Irish Travellers also have a history of nomadism.

• Scottish Travellers: Also known as Highland Travellers or traivellers, are a distinct group within Scotland with their own traditions, language (Cant or Beurla Reagaird), and history. They share some similarities with Irish Travellers but are considered a separate ethnic group.

• Roma: A more recent migration of people from Central and Eastern Europe, who began arriving in the UK in larger numbers in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. They also speak various dialects of the Romani language. This group often faces challenges related to integration and discrimination.

Commonalities and Differences:

While each group is distinct, there are some shared characteristics, including:

• Nomadism or Semi-Nomadism: Historically, and in some cases continuing today, a preference for a travelling lifestyle.
• Strong Family and Community Ties: Emphasis on kinship and community support.
• Distinct Cultural Traditions: Including music, crafts, storytelling, and oral traditions.
• Experience of Discrimination: Facing prejudice and marginalization from the settled community.

Legal Protection:

The Equality Act 2010 protects Gypsies, Roma, and Travellers from discrimination on the grounds of their ethnic origin. This includes protection in areas such as employment, education, housing, and access to services. The legal definition of "ethnic origin" has been consistently interpreted by UK courts to include these groups.

Challenges Faced:

Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities in the UK continue to face significant challenges, including:

• Discrimination and Prejudice: Widespread negative attitudes and stereotypes.
• Lack of Access to Services: Difficulty accessing education, healthcare, and employment.
• Accommodation Issues: Limited access to suitable and secure accommodation, often leading to unauthorised encampments.
• Health Inequalities: Experiencing poorer health outcomes compared to the general population.

Terminology:

The term "Gypsy" has a complex history. While historically used to refer to Romany Gypsies, it is sometimes considered derogatory due to its association with negative stereotypes. Many people prefer the term "Romany Gypsy." "Roma" is generally considered a broader term encompassing various groups related to the Romani people. It's best practice to be mindful of individual preferences when referring to someone's ethnicity. Using respectful and accurate language is crucial.