Gueltas

Gueltas are permanent or semi-permanent waterholes or pools found in desert or semi-desert environments, particularly in the Sahara and Sahel regions of Africa. They are depressions in rock formations or wadis that collect and retain water, often fed by underground springs, infrequent rainfall, or seasonal runoff. Gueltas are vital sources of water for both humans and animals in these arid landscapes, acting as crucial oases for survival.

Gueltas play an important role in supporting biodiversity by providing a habitat for aquatic life and attracting various species of birds, mammals, and reptiles seeking water. They also often support vegetation around their edges, contributing to localized ecosystems.

The availability and quality of water in gueltas can vary significantly depending on rainfall patterns, evaporation rates, and human activity, such as livestock grazing or water extraction. Overuse or degradation of gueltas can have significant impacts on the surrounding environment and the livelihoods of people who depend on them. The management and conservation of gueltas are therefore important for maintaining ecological balance and ensuring sustainable water resources in arid regions.