Gong Shi

Gong Shi (供食) is a Chinese term that translates roughly to "offering food" or "provision of food." It refers to the act of presenting food as a religious or ceremonial offering, primarily within Buddhist and Daoist traditions. The term encompasses both the preparation and presentation of food to deities, ancestors, or spirits.

The purpose of Gong Shi varies depending on the context, but it generally involves expressing respect, seeking blessings, appeasing spirits, and accumulating merit. The types of food offered can range from simple vegetarian dishes like rice and fruit to more elaborate meals, often determined by the specific deity or spirit being venerated and the occasion.

The practice of Gong Shi is deeply embedded in Chinese culture and religious practices. It reflects the belief in a reciprocal relationship between the living and the supernatural, where offerings are made in exchange for protection, good fortune, or assistance in the afterlife. The act often involves specific rituals and prayers, enhancing its spiritual significance.

Gong Shi is distinct from simply eating a meal. It is a deliberate act of reverence and communication with the spiritual realm, carefully considered in its preparation and presentation. The food offered is not just sustenance; it is a symbolic gesture of devotion and respect. Different festivals and religious events have their own specific foods that are traditionally offered as Gong Shi.