Ghatam

The Ghatam is a percussion instrument used in Carnatic music of South India. It is a clay pot with a narrow mouth, played with the hands, fingers, wrists, and sometimes heels to produce a variety of percussive sounds. The pitch of the Ghatam can be altered slightly by applying pressure to the pot's surface.

The instrument is typically made of baked clay mixed with metallic filings, which contribute to its resonant timbre. The quality and type of clay significantly affect the Ghatam's tonal characteristics. A good Ghatam produces a clear, ringing tone.

Ghatam players are known for their complex rhythmic patterns and improvisations, often engaging in rhythmic dialogues (koraippu) with other musicians, particularly the mridangam player. The instrument is often played as accompaniment, but can also be featured as a solo instrument in concerts.

While primarily associated with Carnatic music, the Ghatam has also found its way into other genres and musical traditions.